It’s normal for children and young people to feel worried about something at school, like doing exams or starting a new year. But sometimes, things can become stressful or difficult over a much longer period of time.
If your child is feeling anxious about school, or isn't able to go sometimes, it can be exhausting for both of you. You might be trying to juggle your child’s feelings alongside getting them to school so you can get on with other things such as work. And even when your child gets to the school gate, you might be left worrying about how they'll find the day.
If you’re in this situation, we’ve got advice to help you:
When anxiety builds up to the point that a young person cannot go to school, it's sometimes called ‘school refusal’. You might hear your child's school using this term. Many young people and parents do not like this term, as it implies that ‘refusing’ school is a choice. You may prefer terms such as emotionally-based school avoidance (ESBA) or anxiety-related absence.
Young people can feel anxious about school for lots of different reasons. They might be worried about:
Sometimes, going through difficult experiences at home can also make it harder for a child to settle at school. This can include things like grief and loss, their parents separating or being a young carer.
For some young people, parts of the environment or schedule at school might not be quite right for them. This can be the case if they're struggling with a mental health problem like depression or anxiety. Or if they have a neurodiverse condition such as autism, ADHD, dyslexia or dyspraxia. This can make school days very tiring, especially if their condition is not yet diagnosed or supported.
Sometimes it can be difficult to work out what’s making your child feel anxious. The first step is often helping them to identify exactly what’s worrying them. Once you understand the problem, you’ll be in a much better position to make changes that can help.
Young people can find it hard to explain what’s causing their feelings. They might not be able to answer direct questions like ‘what’s going on?’.
Using an 'anxiety iceberg' to explore their worries can help. This gives you a more relaxed way of understanding it together. Watch our video to find out how to make an anxiety iceberg with your child.
If you’re doing this exercise with a young child, you can draw images on the iceberg while they talk. Or you can encourage them to draw and write simple words.
With older children and teenagers, you can ask them to write key words and phrases on the iceberg. Or you can do this exercise as a 'mind map', with ‘school’ in the middle of a page and all the things they’re finding difficult around the outside.
If your child isn't sure what to say, gently suggest some options. Let them agree or disagree with your ideas. Together, you might identify things like:
Once you understand what’s going on for your child, you can talk to their school about what can help. You might want to take their anxiety iceberg into the meeting to help you explain what's going on.
Even though this situation can be really tough, it’s important to keep a positive relationship going with school. Recognise the support they’re offering and any changes they’re making. This will help you work together to make things better for your child.
Building a relationship with the attendance team at my son’s school was hugely helpful, we were talking with them each day.
Having a visual schedule for getting up, getting dressed, having breakfast and leaving the house can reduce stress. Try to prepare things like checking their timetable, packing bags and laying out clothes the night before. In the mornings, focus on the one thing they need to do next, rather than thinking about a big goal like ‘getting to school’. For example you might say, 'put your uniform on and then come and have breakfast'.
Having coping strategies or relaxation techniques can help anxiety to feel less overwhelming. Younger children might like to take something from home, like a favourite toy, into school with them. Or they might like using a worry box at home to help contain their anxieties. Teenagers might like to fill a box with things that help them feel calm using our guide to making a self-soothe box.
Time for relaxation can help your child to ‘re-charge’ and give them a break from their worries. This could be spending time with friends and family, listening to music, going for a walk, playing sport, baking, drawing or watching a film.
Notice small successes such as getting out of bed at the right time or handing work in at school. Tell your child you’re really impressed with them.
On some days your child may not be able to manage schoolwork or homework. Remember their mood will go up and down and you can always try again the next day.
If your child isn’t going to school at the moment, things might feel incredibly stressful and tiring. You might be worried about when they will be able to get back to school or the impact on their education. And you might feel overwhelmed because you’re juggling this alongside your other commitments.
During this time, it’s important to keep working with the school to try things that might help your child go back. Keep encouraging them to take achievable steps towards attending on some days. When the right support is in place, it’s often easier for a young person to get back into their routine if they can return to school as quickly as possible.
If your child's anxiety about school has got to the point where they can't go, it's a good idea to get them some professional support. You can find out how to do this further down the page.
Remember to recognise the impact this situation is having on you. Reach out to trusted family and friends for support. Say ‘yes’ to offers of help. This might include other people looking after your child so you can have time off or get to a work event. Speak to your employer about what support they can provide, including flexible working or parental leave. Find out more about your leave entitlements on the Working Families website
Even though the situation is stressful, remember to show your child that you get why school is difficult for them.
Try not to shout, tell them off or physically force them into school. Making them go in without changing anything can make their anxiety worse in the long-term.
Be honest with the school about what’s going on. Say ‘my child cannot come to school because they are too anxious’, rather than saying they are unwell or don’t want to. Get a note from the GP, CAMHS or another mental health professional as early as you can.
The school’s SEND (Special Educational Needs and Disabilities) and attendance policies should be on their website. Knowing what these are can support you during meetings with the school.
This can help if your child is unable to go to school for a longer period of time. Having a record to show what you've tried can make it easier to get more support.
Encourage your child to get up, do some school work and stop for lunch at the same times they would if they were in school. This will make adapting back to school easier. Explain to your child that if they cannot go to school, they will need to study at home. Ask the school to send work and activities home. You can also use online resources such as BBC Bitesize.
Not going to school could leave your child feeling isolated. Make sure they stay connected to the outside world. Arrange time for seeing friends, doing activities and getting outside for exercise.
Speaking to friends online can be really important if your child is feeling isolated at home. But sometimes, you might notice that your child is spending lots of time gaming or on their phone. This might start to get in the way of important If this is becoming a problem, have a look at our guide to gaming or guide to social media for more information.
Local authorities must provide alternative education if a child is unable to attend school for a significant period of time. You can find more about alternative education on the IPSEA website.
Parents often tell us they are worried about fines and prosecutions. Schools generally only consider this if they feel there is no valid reason for the absence or parents aren't engaging with the problem. Or if the absence is not supported by a professional such as a GP.
If the absence goes on for a longer period of time, your child may be referred to an Education Welfare Officer (EWO). Education Welfare Officers are part of the local authority. They will arrange a home visit to find out more and discuss strategies that might help. The school may also refer your child for other support. This may include the NHS mental health service for young people, known as CAMHS.
Getting back to school after weeks or months may feel difficult for your child. But you and the school can help make it more manageable. Here are some things you can do:
My son wasn’t questioned about his absence when he did feel able to pop in for favourite lessons, helping to ease him back into full days of education.
If your child's anxiety is affecting their daily life, learning or relationships, it’s a good idea to find some professional mental health support. Speaking to the GP and seeing whether they can see a counsellor or therapist are two good places to start. You can find more information about GPs, counsellors and other mental health services in our guide to getting help for your child.
If your child cannot attend school and there is no obvious reason why, it's worth considering whether they may have any unrecognised needs. This could include a Special Educational Need or Disability (SEND) such as dyslexia, autism or ADHD.
If you think this might be the case, speak to the school’s SENCO (Special Educational Needs Coordinator) or your GP. While you are waiting for an assessment, you can also ask the SENCO to refer your child for support from other professionals. This could include an Educational Psychologist or a Speech and Language Therapist. These people can identify specific needs and make recommendations for additional support the school can put in place. This can happen before your child gets a formal diagnosis.
Here are some different places where you can access SEND support:
If your child is diagnosed with SEND, extra support should be put in place at school to help them attend and learn. Options for this should be available within the school's existing resources. Speak to the school's SENCO in the first instance about how the school will support your child.
SENDIAS stands for Special Education Needs and Disability Information, Advice and Support. Every local authority is required to fund a SENDIAS service for their area. But SENDIAS works separately to the local authority, which means it does not work on the local authority’s behalf. This means they can provide free and independent advice about Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND).
You can search for your local SENDIAS online or call your local council to ask for their contact details.
If your child's needs cannot be supported by what their school already offers, you can ask for an Education, Health and Care needs assessment. This is carried out by someone from your local authority. If they decide your child does need additional support, they will make an Education, Health and Care plan (EHCP). This outlines how their extra support will be provided.
Your local authority should provide a list of the services available in your area to support children with SEND. This is called your 'local offer'. You can find your local offer by searching online or on your local authority's website. Or you can call your local council to ask for this information.
While we take care to ensure that the organisations we signpost to provide high quality information and advice, we cannot take responsibility for any specific pieces of advice they may offer. We encourage parents and carers to always explore the website of a linked service or organisation to understand who they are and what support they offer before engaging with them.
We support parents and carers who are concerned about their child or young person's mental health. We can provide detailed information and advice, emotional support and signposting.
You can speak to us over the phone or chat to us online. When we’re closed, you can still leave us a message and we'll get back to you in 3-5 working days.
Provides legally based advice and support to help families get the right education for children and young people with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND).
Alongside calling their Helpline, you can also book an appointment with their Advice Line or Tribunal Helpline.
SENDIAS stands for Special Education Needs and Disability Information, Advice and Support. Every local authority is required to fund a SENDIAS service for their area. But SENDIAS works separately to the local authority and does not work on the local authority’s behalf. This means they can provide free and independent advice about Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND). You can search for your local SENDIAS online or call your local council to ask for their contact details.
Provides advice and information to parents and carers in Scotland if their child needs additional support for learning.
You can also use their webchat service or contact them via an online form.
Online information and resources about education for autistic children and young people. This includes advice around the different types of provision, finding extra help at school, and issues around exclusion and school anxiety.
They also have a network of local branches. These can provide things like parent courses and family support, social meet-ups and support groups for autistic young people.
Provides free legal advice about education and family issues to parents, carers and young people.
You can contact them by email about education law or about family and child law. You can also speak to them over webchat (open 8am - 5.30pm, Monday - Friday).
Provides support, information and advice for families with children with disabilities or other conditions including ADHD. Also runs family workshops and activities.
Free online chat service available.
Provides information, support and advice for people with dyslexia, and for those who support them.
This page was reviewed in December 2025.
It was created with parents and carers with lived experience of supporting their child or young person with school anxiety.
We will next review the page in 2028.
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